diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 954aa1ae..51fa2d13 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -9,6 +9,14 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 
 ### Fixed
 
+- A TLS peer that closes the connection without sending a `close_notify` alert
+  no longer raises a bare `OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError` ("SSL_read: unexpected eof
+  while reading") out of a read. OpenSSL 3 reports that close as an error
+  rather than as the end of the stream, so TLS connections bypassed the
+  premature-EOF check that plain connections get. This sort of close is now reported
+  as EOF as it does for a plain socket: a body delimited by connection close finishes 
+  normally, while a `Content-Length` or chunked body that ends early raises
+  `HTTP::ConnectionError`.
 - Building a default `Host` header now raises `HTTP::RequestError` when the
   request URI has a nil host (previously `NoMethodError`) or an empty host
   (e.g. `https:///path` or `https://:123/path`, which previously produced
diff --git a/lib/http/timeout/global.rb b/lib/http/timeout/global.rb
index d38b8790..59b05c29 100644
--- a/lib/http/timeout/global.rb
+++ b/lib/http/timeout/global.rb
@@ -111,14 +111,6 @@ def write(data)
 
       private
 
-      # Reads from socket in non-blocking mode
-      #
-      # @api private
-      # @return [String, Symbol]
-      def read_nonblock(size, buffer = nil)
-        @socket.read_nonblock(size, buffer, exception: false)
-      end
-
       # Writes to socket in non-blocking mode
       #
       # @api private
diff --git a/lib/http/timeout/null.rb b/lib/http/timeout/null.rb
index 524a04a5..618ade1b 100644
--- a/lib/http/timeout/null.rb
+++ b/lib/http/timeout/null.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require "io/wait"
+require "openssl"
 require "timeout"
 
 module HTTP
@@ -14,6 +15,11 @@ class Null
       # @api private
       NATIVE_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = RUBY_VERSION >= "3.4"
 
+      # OpenSSL's message for a peer that closed without a close_notify alert
+      #
+      # @api private
+      UNEXPECTED_EOF = "unexpected eof while reading"
+
       # Timeout configuration options
       #
       # @example
@@ -132,6 +138,10 @@ def start_tls(host, ssl_socket_class, ssl_context)
       def readpartial(size, buffer = nil)
         @socket.readpartial(size, buffer)
       rescue EOFError
+        :eof
+      rescue OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError => e
+        raise unless unexpected_eof?(e)
+
         :eof
       end
 
@@ -150,6 +160,29 @@ def write(data)
 
       private
 
+      # Reads from socket in non-blocking mode
+      #
+      # @param [Integer] size
+      # @param [String, nil] buffer
+      # @api private
+      # @return [String, Symbol, nil]
+      def read_nonblock(size, buffer = nil)
+        @socket.read_nonblock(size, buffer, exception: false)
+      rescue OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError => e
+        raise unless unexpected_eof?(e)
+
+        nil
+      end
+
+      # Whether an SSL error is a peer closing without a close_notify alert
+      #
+      # @param [OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError] error
+      # @api private
+      # @return [Boolean]
+      def unexpected_eof?(error)
+        error.message.include?(UNEXPECTED_EOF)
+      end
+
       # Retries reading on wait readable
       #
       # @api private
diff --git a/lib/http/timeout/per_operation.rb b/lib/http/timeout/per_operation.rb
index 5a5d3855..6d7737c6 100644
--- a/lib/http/timeout/per_operation.rb
+++ b/lib/http/timeout/per_operation.rb
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ def connect_ssl
       def readpartial(size, buffer = nil)
         timeout = false
         loop do
-          result = @socket.read_nonblock(size, buffer, exception: false)
+          result = read_nonblock(size, buffer)
 
           return :eof   if result.nil?
           return result unless WAIT_RESULTS.include?(result)
diff --git a/sig/http.rbs b/sig/http.rbs
index 9b1c4a69..0d11af9b 100644
--- a/sig/http.rbs
+++ b/sig/http.rbs
@@ -1498,6 +1498,7 @@ module HTTP
   module Timeout
     class Null
       NATIVE_CONNECT_TIMEOUT: bool
+      UNEXPECTED_EOF: String
 
       attr_reader options: Hash[Symbol, Numeric]
       attr_reader socket: untyped
@@ -1516,6 +1517,8 @@ module HTTP
 
       def read_timeout: () -> Numeric?
       def write_timeout: () -> Numeric?
+      def read_nonblock: (Integer size, ?String? buffer) -> untyped
+      def unexpected_eof?: (OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError error) -> bool
       def rescue_readable: (?Numeric? timeout) { () -> untyped } -> untyped
       def rescue_writable: (?Numeric? timeout) { () -> untyped } -> untyped
       def open_socket: (untyped socket_class, String host, Integer port, ?connect_timeout: Numeric?) -> untyped
@@ -1566,7 +1569,6 @@ module HTTP
 
       private
 
-      def read_nonblock: (Integer size, ?String? buffer) -> untyped
       def write_nonblock: (String data) -> untyped
       def perform_io: (?Numeric? per_op_timeout) { () -> untyped } -> untyped
       def handle_io_result: (untyped result) -> untyped
diff --git a/test/http/connection_test.rb b/test/http/connection_test.rb
index 8aae7f61..1c886a5f 100644
--- a/test/http/connection_test.rb
+++ b/test/http/connection_test.rb
@@ -403,6 +403,46 @@ def test_readpartial_finishes_cleanly_when_not_framed
     assert_equal "", chunk2
   end
 
+  # Delivers `response`, then closes the way OpenSSL reports a peer
+  # disconnecting without a close_notify alert. Going through a real timeout
+  # handler is the point: it is what turns that SSLError into the :eof
+  # #check_premature_eof judges, so TLS reaches the same verdict a plain socket
+  # would for the same response framing.
+  def build_tls_eof_connection(response)
+    reads = [response]
+    raw_socket = fake(
+      close:       nil,
+      closed?:     false,
+      readpartial: proc { |*|
+        raise OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError, "SSL_read: unexpected eof while reading" if reads.empty?
+
+        reads.shift
+      }
+    )
+    socket = HTTP::Timeout::Null.new
+    socket.instance_variable_set(:@socket, raw_socket)
+    socket.define_singleton_method(:connect) { |*, **| nil }
+
+    conn = HTTP::Connection.new(build_req, HTTP::Options.new(timeout_class: fake(new: socket)))
+    conn.instance_variable_set(:@pending_response, true)
+    conn.tap(&:read_headers!)
+  end
+
+  def test_readpartial_treats_tls_unexpected_eof_as_the_end_of_an_unframed_body
+    conn = build_tls_eof_connection("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\nhello")
+
+    assert_equal "hello", conn.readpartial
+    assert_equal "", conn.readpartial
+  end
+
+  def test_readpartial_detects_premature_eof_when_tls_closes_mid_framed_body
+    conn = build_tls_eof_connection("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: 100\r\n\r\nhello")
+
+    assert_equal "hello", conn.readpartial
+    err = assert_raises(HTTP::ConnectionError) { conn.readpartial }
+    assert_includes err.message, "response body ended prematurely"
+  end
+
   def test_readpartial_finishes_response_when_parser_says_finished
     req = build_req
     call_count = 0
diff --git a/test/http/timeout/null_test.rb b/test/http/timeout/null_test.rb
index 8126949a..3b513c60 100644
--- a/test/http/timeout/null_test.rb
+++ b/test/http/timeout/null_test.rb
@@ -86,6 +86,47 @@ def test_start_tls_skips_post_connection_check_when_verify_hostname_false
     refute post_connection_check_called
   end
 
+  # -- unexpected eof --
+  #
+  # OpenSSL 3 raises instead of signalling EOF when a peer closes the connection
+  # without a close_notify alert. Both read paths report it the way the socket
+  # itself reports an ordinary close, leaving the connection layer to decide
+  # whether that EOF was premature. Subclasses inherit #read_nonblock, so this
+  # covers their reads too.
+
+  def stub_socket(method, message)
+    socket = fake(
+      to_io:   @io,
+      closed?: false,
+      method => proc { |*| raise OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError, message }
+    )
+    @timeout.instance_variable_set(:@socket, socket)
+  end
+
+  def test_readpartial_returns_eof_when_tls_peer_closes_without_close_notify
+    stub_socket(:readpartial, "SSL_read: unexpected eof while reading")
+
+    assert_equal :eof, @timeout.readpartial(10)
+  end
+
+  def test_readpartial_reraises_ssl_errors_that_are_not_an_unexpected_eof
+    stub_socket(:readpartial, "SSL_read: decryption failed or bad record mac")
+    err = assert_raises(OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError) { @timeout.readpartial(10) }
+    assert_match(/decryption failed/, err.message)
+  end
+
+  def test_read_nonblock_returns_nil_when_tls_peer_closes_without_close_notify
+    stub_socket(:read_nonblock, "SSL_read: unexpected eof while reading")
+
+    assert_nil @timeout.send(:read_nonblock, 10)
+  end
+
+  def test_read_nonblock_reraises_ssl_errors_that_are_not_an_unexpected_eof
+    stub_socket(:read_nonblock, "SSL_read: decryption failed or bad record mac")
+    err = assert_raises(OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError) { @timeout.send(:read_nonblock, 10) }
+    assert_match(/decryption failed/, err.message)
+  end
+
   # -- #rescue_readable (private) --
 
   def test_rescue_readable_yields_the_block