diff --git a/babel/messages/catalog.py b/babel/messages/catalog.py
index 5e6c28255..145954a64 100644
--- a/babel/messages/catalog.py
+++ b/babel/messages/catalog.py
@@ -1084,8 +1084,8 @@ def is_identical(self, other: Catalog) -> bool:
         """
         assert isinstance(other, Catalog)
         for key in self._messages.keys() | other._messages.keys():
-            message_1 = self.get(key)
-            message_2 = other.get(key)
+            message_1 = self._messages.get(key)
+            message_2 = other._messages.get(key)
             if message_1 is None or message_2 is None or not message_1.is_identical(message_2):
                 return False
         return dict(self.mime_headers) == dict(other.mime_headers)
diff --git a/tests/messages/test_catalog.py b/tests/messages/test_catalog.py
index 7c730d325..bf41c1976 100644
--- a/tests/messages/test_catalog.py
+++ b/tests/messages/test_catalog.py
@@ -601,3 +601,34 @@ def test_catalog_tz_pickleable():
 msgstr ""
 "POT-Creation-Date: 2007-04-01 15:30+0200\n"
     """))))
+
+
+def test_catalog_is_identical_with_context():
+    """A catalog holding a context-specific message must compare equal to itself."""
+    cat = catalog.Catalog(locale='en')
+    cat.add('Guide', 'Guide', context='navigation')
+    assert cat.is_identical(cat)
+
+    same = catalog.Catalog(locale='en')
+    same.add('Guide', 'Guide', context='navigation')
+    assert cat.is_identical(same)
+
+    translated_differently = catalog.Catalog(locale='en')
+    translated_differently.add('Guide', 'Manual', context='navigation')
+    assert not cat.is_identical(translated_differently)
+
+    # The same msgid under a different context is a different message.
+    other_context = catalog.Catalog(locale='en')
+    other_context.add('Guide', 'Guide', context='footer')
+    assert not cat.is_identical(other_context)
+
+
+def test_catalog_is_identical_with_pluralizable_context():
+    """The same, for a context-specific *pluralizable* message."""
+    cat = catalog.Catalog(locale='en')
+    cat.add(('%d page', '%d pages'), ('%d page', '%d pages'), context='report')
+    assert cat.is_identical(cat)
+
+    same = catalog.Catalog(locale='en')
+    same.add(('%d page', '%d pages'), ('%d page', '%d pages'), context='report')
+    assert cat.is_identical(same)