[core] Support REST catalog version management

[JingsongLi]

Purpose

Expose REST tag management, paginated tag listing, latest-snapshot metadata and guarded rollback through the Rust Catalog API and Python bindings, matching Java semantics. These capabilities already exist in PyPaimon; PyPaimon continues to use its Python REST client.

Changes

• Add a core Instant type and typed rollback request matching Java's snapshot/tag wire protocol, omitting absent fromSnapshot and tableId guards.
• Expose snapshot loading, rollback and tag pagination through Catalog and implement them in RESTCatalog without resolving targets or publishing changes through local storage.
• Preserve Java's query and pagination semantics, including empty page tokens, opaque prefixes, missing tags versus empty pages, and distinct table/tag/snapshot errors.
• Preserve REST errors, including HTTP 501 and the missing latest snapshot of an empty table. Match resource types with Java's case sensitivity.
• Accept successful mutation responses without requiring a JSON body. Never replay failed mutations.
• Preserve base/delta manifest-list sizes in snapshot metadata so the Native bridge does not discard fields Python already uses.
• Add thin Python catalog bindings and typed metadata wrappers; update DataFusion REST rollback callers to forward the loaded table UUID.

The scope is existing PyPaimon functionality. No new dependencies are introduced.

Verification

• cargo +1.98.0 test --quiet --locked -p paimon --test rest_branch_test --test rest_catalog_test — 153 tests.
• Native binding HTTP tests in bindings/python/tests/test_catalog_versions.py — 36 tests.
• TZ=UTC cargo +1.98.0 test --quiet --locked -p paimon-datafusion --test procedures test_rollback — 4 tests. The timestamp procedure test interprets a local TIMESTAMP value as an epoch; UTC matches the CI environment.
• cargo +1.98.0 clippy --locked -p paimon -p paimon-datafusion -p pypaimon_rust --all-targets --features fulltext,vortex -- -D warnings.
• Rustfmt and Python binding test Flake8 checks.
• Exercised the new bindings from PyPaimon's real HTTP tests with Native planning, reading, writing and committing enabled, including V4 signatures, table replacement/head rejection, error classification, and no replay or cleanup after publication failures.

CI follow-up

The unit job exposed a stale tag error-mapping test that still expected lowercase resource types. Update it to Java's exact uppercase resource names and add assertions for unknown/lowercase resource types, missing latest snapshots and HTTP 501 preservation. The public interfaces are unchanged.

• Full paimon library tests with fulltext,vortex: 4276 passed, 6 ignored.
• Core library/test Clippy with -D warnings and rustfmt passed.

[leaves12138]

LGTM