Feature/qqbar direct backend

.gitignore

@@ -20,3 +20,4 @@ MANIFEST
 *.DS_Store
 .venv
 .hypothesis
+venv/

src/flint/types/qqbar.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+from flint.flintlib.types.flint cimport slong
+from flint.flintlib.functions.fmpz cimport fmpz_t
+from flint.flintlib.functions.fmpq cimport fmpq_t
+
+cdef extern from "flint/qqbar.h" nogil:
+    ctypedef struct qqbar_struct:
+        pass
+    ctypedef qqbar_struct qqbar_t[1]
+
+    # Lifecycle methods
+    void qqbar_init(qqbar_t res)
+    void qqbar_clear(qqbar_t res)
+    void qqbar_set(qqbar_t res, const qqbar_t x)
+    void qqbar_set_si(qqbar_t res, slong x)
+
+    # Printing methods
+    void qqbar_print(const qqbar_t x)
+    void qqbar_printn(const qqbar_t x, slong n)
+
+    # Interoperability setters
+    void qqbar_set_fmpz(qqbar_t res, const fmpz_t x)
+    void qqbar_set_fmpq(qqbar_t res, const fmpq_t x)
+
+    # Arithmetic operations
+    void qqbar_add(qqbar_t res, const qqbar_t x, const qqbar_t y)
+    void qqbar_sub(qqbar_t res, const qqbar_t x, const qqbar_t y)
+    void qqbar_mul(qqbar_t res, const qqbar_t x, const qqbar_t y)
+    void qqbar_div(qqbar_t res, const qqbar_t x, const qqbar_t y)
+
+from flint.flint_base.flint_base cimport flint_scalar
+
+cdef class qqbar(flint_scalar):
+    cdef qqbar_t val

src/flint/types/qqbar.pyx

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+from flint.flintlib.functions.qqbar cimport (
+    qqbar_init,
+    qqbar_clear,
+    qqbar_set,
+    qqbar_set_si,
+    qqbar_printn,
+    qqbar_set_fmpz,
+    qqbar_set_fmpq,
+    qqbar_add,
+    qqbar_sub,
+    qqbar_mul,
+    qqbar_div
+)
+from flint.types.fmpz cimport fmpz
+from flint.types.fmpq cimport fmpq
+
+cdef class qqbar(flint_scalar):
+    """
+    The qqbar class represents algebraic numbers.
+    """
+
+    def __cinit__(self):
+        qqbar_init(self.val)
+
+    def __dealloc__(self):
+        qqbar_clear(self.val)
+
+    def __init__(self, val=None):
+        if val is not None:
+            if isinstance(val, qqbar):
+                qqbar_set(self.val, (<qqbar>val).val)
+            elif isinstance(val, int):
+                qqbar_set_si(self.val, val)
+            elif isinstance(val, fmpz):
+                qqbar_set_fmpz(self.val, (<fmpz>val).val)
+            elif isinstance(val, fmpq):
+                qqbar_set_fmpq(self.val, (<fmpq>val).val)
+            else:
+                raise TypeError("Cannot initialize qqbar type from input")
+
+    def str(self, Py_ssize_t digits=15):
+        """
+        Converts the algebraic number to a decimal string representation by capturing C-level stdout.
+        """
+        import os
+        import sys
+
+        cdef int stdout_fd = 1
+        cdef int saved_stdout = os.dup(stdout_fd)
+
+        pipe_read, pipe_write = os.pipe()
+        os.dup2(pipe_write, stdout_fd)
+
+        try:
+            qqbar_printn(self.val, digits)
+            sys.stdout.flush()
+        finally:
+            os.close(pipe_write)
+            os.dup2(saved_stdout, stdout_fd)
+            os.close(saved_stdout)
+
+        cdef bytes captured = os.read(pipe_read, 4096)
+        os.close(pipe_read)
+
+        return captured.decode('utf-8').strip()
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.str()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"qqbar({self.str()})"
+
+    def __add__(x, y):
+        cdef qqbar res = qqbar()
+        cdef qqbar c_x = x if isinstance(x, qqbar) else qqbar(x)
+        cdef qqbar c_y = y if isinstance(y, qqbar) else qqbar(y)
+        qqbar_add(res.val, c_x.val, c_y.val)
+        return res
+
+    def __sub__(x, y):
+        cdef qqbar res = qqbar()
+        cdef qqbar c_x = x if isinstance(x, qqbar) else qqbar(x)
+        cdef qqbar c_y = y if isinstance(y, qqbar) else qqbar(y)
+        qqbar_sub(res.val, c_x.val, c_y.val)
+        return res
+
+    def __mul__(x, y):
+        cdef qqbar res = qqbar()
+        cdef qqbar c_x = x if isinstance(x, qqbar) else qqbar(x)
+        cdef qqbar c_y = y if isinstance(y, qqbar) else qqbar(y)
+        qqbar_mul(res.val, c_x.val, c_y.val)
+        return res
+
+    def __truediv__(x, y):
+        cdef qqbar res = qqbar()
+        cdef qqbar c_x = x if isinstance(x, qqbar) else qqbar(x)
+        cdef qqbar c_y = y if isinstance(y, qqbar) else qqbar(y)
+        qqbar_div(res.val, c_x.val, c_y.val)
+        return res